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Is that granite (and does it really matter?)
Last Post 03 Nov 2007 05:36 PM by kdnoel. 31 Replies.
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Adriana Pretorius
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Adriana Pretorius

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02 Oct 2007 02:09 AM
    Hi guys and gals - this is a repost of an article I have written with the homeowner in mind, but due to the tremendous amount of misinformation out there, I figured that I'd post it here just as an FYI.  I know there are a bunch of you just starting out in stone and that some of the info in this article might be interesting.

    Regards,
    Adriana

    As with so much in the natural stone industry, there is a fairly large amount of confusion regarding the actual geologic classification of most commercially available slab materials. The amount of misinformation is astounding and often quite discouraging for the average Sally and Joe Consumer trying to decide on what material would make just the best counter top for their new kitchen. With this article I will try to clarify some of the intricacies of stone classification.

    I'll start with a given: Not all commercial granites are true geologic granites. I can already hear you sigh and roll your eyes. I sympathize - science was not my forte either, but take heart, I will try my best to make this entertaining 

    In the commercial realm, a "granite" gets classified as a hard natural stone which can be polished and that requires more aggressive tools and abrasive than what would be used on marble. This is a pretty broad and not very scientific kind of description, which leaves some pretty big loopholes and some really wide wiggle room.

    A true geologic granite gets classified as an igneous rock consisting mainly of quartz, feldspars and mica - much more concise and restrictive.

    To be quite honest, real geologic granites are not very exciting pieces of rock at all (from a design perspective, I have to add). They will have quite an homogeneous grain pattern and can range in color from grays to browns, yellows or pinks. A good example of a real geologic granite would be Georgia Gray (from Elberton, GA and it has a water absorption weight of 0.2%-0.3%). True granites are not reactive to acids, but could be quite absorbent as our example illustrates. This stone would be OK for use as a counter top, but would require sealer. It has been used as cladding for buildings and for monuments and gravestones for many, many years, though.

    The rest of the commercial granites can be divided into a couple of broad groups: Magmatic rocks and Metamorphic rocks.

    Magmatic rocks are formed when magma cooled and crystallized. True granites (like Tropic Brown), syenites (like Ubatuba), gabbros (like Black Absolute), diorites (like Brazilian Black) and charnokites (like Atlantic Green) will fall under this umbrella.

    Metamorphic rocks were formed when one kind of stone i.e. sandstone, got transformed into another kind of material i.e. gneiss. An example of such a stone would be Giallo Veneziano (a gneiss from Brazil with a water absorption weight of 0.25%-0.35%). Metaconglomerates (like Verde Marinace), Quartzites (like Almond Mauve), migmatites (like Paradiso Classico), gneisses (like Santa Cecilia) and granulites (like Verde Jewel/Tropical Green) also fall under this group.

    What makes the commercial "granites" so appealing, is the fact that they are just so diverse. You have hundreds of different colors and patterns that will go beyond even your wildest imagination.

    And this brings us to the second part of my question: Does it really matter if it is not a true geologic granite?

    In a word: No.  (and yes - you are right - I am not done yet!) &t;img src="http://www.thefabricatornetwork.com/Providers/HtmlEditorProviders/FckHtmlEditorProvider/FCKeditor/editor/images/smiley/msn/tounge_smile.gif" alt="" />

    Earlier in my dissertation you might have noticed me mentioning something called the "water absorption weight" (WAW - for further reference). This is an indicator of just how absorbent a specific stone might be. The lower the number, the less absorbent the stone would be.

    Following the discussions of natural stone and how they always gravitate to the question of whether a sealer would be required, this number would be a pretty good indicator of how good a stone would stand up to use in a kitchen. Without further ado, I will list a few popular stones, along with their geologic classifications and WAW's:

    Black Absolute (gabbro) WAW: 0.05%-0.15%
    Baltic Brown (granite) WAW: 0.15%-0.2%
    Santa Cecilia (gneiss) WAW: 0.25%-0.35%
    Verde Butterfly (charnokite) WAW: 0.1%-0.2%
    Shivakashki (gneiss) WAW: 0.25%-0.35%
    Silver Sea Green (granite) WAW: 0.15%
    Marinace Green (metaconglomerate) WAW: 0.05%-0.15%
    Kashmire White (granulite) WAW: 0.3%-0.5%

    As you can see from the above sample, there are a number of stones that far out-perform true geologic granites in the absorption department. There are also a number of stones that absorb a tremendous amount of water (take the Kashmire White for instance). On the other side of the scale, there are stones that are too dense to benefit from the application of a sealer any way - Verde Marinace would be a great example.

    Although modern sealer technology has advanced a long way in making stones less absorbent, there are a few materials (notably mostly Chinese and Indian in origin) that, even with the best sealer on the market, should not be considered for use in any high traffic environment. Again the Kashmire White would be a shining example.

    Testing for absorption issues on granite samples would be as easy as dripping some water on your sample and letting it sit for a while. If it darkens the stone a little, a sealer might help. If the stone immediately becomes darker and maintains the dark spot for some while, stay away! Maintaining this would be a constant battle.

    Etching is another must-do test for stones to be used in a kitchen. A lot of stones are chemically inert. Baltic Brown, Verde Butterfly, the REAL Black Absolute, Blue Eyes, the list can go on and on. Some stones on the other hand do react to acids. Blue Bahia (a sodalite-syenite) would be one example. Etches will show up as dull spots on an otherwise shiny surface. Sealers will not prevent etches, purely because etches are chemical reactions and have nothing to do with the absorption rate of the stone in question.

    There are two ways to work around this issue. One is to avoid the stone that etched in testing and the other is to hone and enhance the stone. This would still give you a depth of color, but the shine would be absent and thus the etch marks - though they would still happen - would not be as prominent as they would have been on a polished surface.

    To test for etching, place a wedge of lemon or lime, cut side down, on the sample overnight. Wipe the sample in the morning and hold it at an angle to the light. If there is a rough looking spot where the shine is absent, you have an etch. Etches would normally occur where calcium or calcite is present in the make-up of the stone.

    Another subject of relevance in this discussion would be resining. Resining is a process where resins get impregnated into the stone slabs before they are finished. The slabs then get polished and most of the resins get polished off, leaving it oly in the pits and fissures in the slabs. This serves a few purposes:
    1. It can consolidate a fissured or flaky slab (Golden Beach would be an example of this - without resin, this slab would probably not have been commercially available)
    2. It can reduce the WAW of a material (Santa Cecilia is a great example here. Even though it is quite an absorbent material, once it is resined, it sometimes does not require the application of a sealer even)
    3. It is conducive to a superior surface finish. (Flaky stones like Verde Butterfly get resined to eliminate surface crystals from flaking off. This then provides a smooth finish to the polished slabs)
    4. Another side effect of the resining process is enhanced colors. On some stones like Lady's Dream the colors could deepen with the application of the resin.

    So what would be the bottom line of all this? It does not matter whether the stone you have is a real granite or not. The geologic classification has virtually no impact on the performance of the material in a kitchen. I can also say with a lot of certainty that most stone suppliers and distributors will not be able to tell a gneiss from a schist if they ever had to. It is indeed sad, but oh, so true.

    So where does this leave the consumer? Well, kinda' up a creek, but hopefully I supplied a paddle here 

    TEST TEST and test your stone to see if it would hold up to the rigors in your kitchen. But probably the most important advice I could give you would be to choose your fabricator carefully. Make sure they have a knowledge of stone that you are comfortable with and could trust. Ask for references and look at kitchens they have done. New counter tops are a considerable investment. Do not make the mistake of thinking that stone is stone and that the guy doing it at $29 a foot will produce the same quality as someone more expensive. Conversely, do not expect the most expensive guy to be able to produce the best quality work either. A bad fabricator could make a mess out of even the best piece of stone on the planet.
    Adriana<br>Fairest member of the SFA Brotherhood<br>Stercus Accidit
    Tom M
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    02 Oct 2007 02:58 AM
    Stone girl,
    So far, this is well written. I've known about the different types of stone labelled inaccurately as granite for awhile now, but thanks for trying to explain with a bit more science.

    Your last paragraph say it all about almost any material that requires fabrication. So much of this is who is doing the job. I've long learned to be honest with customers about the bad as well as the good in any product they purchase. Doesn't make sense to lie. Save that for Washington DC.

    So, how far do you go in informing the consumer? At some point, knowing that different customers handle knowledge differently, and some would be very happy knowing just enough to trust you, how do you tell when you've gone into overload?

    Welcome to FabNet.

    Tom Mather
    ...those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience.

    -C.S. Lewis
    Andy Graves


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    02 Oct 2007 04:32 AM

    Stonegirl,

    Thanks.  That is very informative.  Is there a list of granite colors available that are better suited for a kitchen application?  Seems that if I could eliminate my customers from actually having to perform these tests, it would be a huge benefit.

    Thanks for posting and welcome to the FabNet.

    FabNet Administrator
    andy@thefabricatornetwork.com
    Countertop Company - www.OliveMill.com
    Adriana Pretorius
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    02 Oct 2007 04:50 PM
    [QUOTE]Tom M wrote

    So, how far do you go in informing the consumer? At some point, knowing that different customers handle knowledge differently, and some would be very happy knowing just enough to trust you, how do you tell when you've gone into overload?

    [/QUOTE]

    Hi Tom & Andy

    Thank you for the welcome.

    Clients obviously have to be approached on an individual basis.  When dealing with them, you get a pretty good feel about how much they'd want to know and how far you'd need to go to gain their trust.

    The first - and IMO most important - attribute of a good fabricator (of any material) would be a high level of trust in his own knowledge and capabilities.  This comes through knowledge and experience, and forums like yours and http://www.stoneadvice.com/forum/ are key in providing great resources for both.  A fabricator that is sure of his product and capabilities will have a much easier time gaining the trust of any client.

    How far do you go in your honesty with the client?  Be as honest as you can.  Explain to them how to test the stones they like and provide them with samples so they can see for themselves if the stone stains or etches. 

    Do not, however, try to tell them a stone is of inferior quality if it is difficult to fabricate.  A good example of a stone that would be really difficult to fabricate, but that performs superbly in a kitchen, would be Marron Cohiba.  It is tough, dense, easy to care for and breathtakingly beautiful.  Due to it's large, flaky crystal structure, it could be a challenge to fabricate if you are not careful.  Will the challenges in fabrication make it a bad stone to have in your home?  Absolutely not.  If you take due care in fabbing and installation, the client is guaranteed to be satisfied. 

    Can you get bad slabs of Marron Cohiba?  Sure you could.  Just as you can get bad slabs of pretty much any material, but here again your expertise as fabricator gets called on.  You must know how to recognize a good slab from a bad one.  If your client tags slabs at the warehouse and they get delivered to you in a poor condition, refuse to accept them.  I have done so many times.  Explain to the client why they were refused.  Offer to accompany them to the slab yard to pick a quality slab.  Just be calm and honest.  It really goes much further than bluster and BS. 

    Another very important step for any fabricator would be to trust the slab suppliers they use.  This would mean having suppliers that are honest and able to supply materials of superb quality, assist in material knowledge and the ability to treat any clients you refer to them for slab selection with respect and candor. 

    Education for the fabricator is, in my opinion, more important for the success of any stone shop than the education of the client.  If you have a well trained and knowledgeable fabricator, the education of the client will invariably follow, since all knowledge imparted to the client will be solid and reputable. 

    In the age of virtually unlimited resources available to the average homeowner, customers come to you more informed than a lot of people will give them credit for.  This is why eing informed and honest is a good policy to have with any client.
    Adriana<br>Fairest member of the SFA Brotherhood<br>Stercus Accidit
    Adriana Pretorius
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    02 Oct 2007 04:59 PM
    [QUOTE]Andy wrote
    Thanks.  That is very informative.  Is there a list of granite colors available that are better suited for a kitchen application?  Seems that if I could eliminate my customers from actually having to perform these tests, it would be a huge benefit.[/QUOTE]

    Although having a handy dandy list would be great, it really is not very possible.  There are new stones coming on the market pretty much every week and for anybody to work with all of the stone in order to be able to compile such a list would be virtually impossible.

    Working with stone long enough, and having access to experienced fabricators and thus a large knowledge base, will go a long way in helping you learn which stones are great, iffy and just not fit for a certain application.

    A lot of clients focus mainly on the appearance of the material in question.  They are vaguely or not at all aware of the performance of the stone in question.  This is why experimenting and finding out for themselves is a very important tool.  Combined with your knowledge of the material, the tests will help to educate the client on what to expect from the materials they might put on their eventual short list.
    Adriana<br>Fairest member of the SFA Brotherhood<br>Stercus Accidit
    John Christensen
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    02 Oct 2007 05:03 PM


    Stonegirl,

    Excellent posts.  I will refer to them often as I try to enlighten myself on the variables of stone.

    Thanks,

    Johnny C

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    al
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    03 Oct 2007 12:59 AM

    Stonegirl,

    Flaky is flaky and unless you are going to pour a coating to stabilize the flakes, a flaky material will make a flaky countertop.

    One of the stone industry mantras is "trust your fabricator", yet a visit to any stone website will result in a long list of inaccurate info, even out right lies or  worse, ignorance.    I am sure you have read the threads where I "Fisk" a stone FAQ page.   How does this fact and the granite industries desire to be seen as honest co exist?

    Were most stone sites making the claims that the MIA makes, this would be a non issue.  But all here know that is not the case.

    And while there are instances of consumers getting help at stoneadvice.com, the majority of the times there is a customer compalint, you will see ten to fifteen stone fabricators doing their best to convince the homeowner that all is well.  How does this fact co exist with your recomendation of trusting the fabricator?

    "if it is so safe, why aren't they supporting the testing?"
    al
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    03 Oct 2007 01:13 AM

    Stonegirl,

    That is a nice peice.  However, were it complete, it would include the downsides of resining as well as the advantages.  For instance, you neglected to include fading and yellowing of some resined stones.   No, you can't hide behind the fact that some resins are less likely to be damaged by UV, that is called selling the maximum and can get you in trouble with the FTC.

    You also left out the issues with edges sometimes not matching the resined top.   Sure you guys can use wood stain and some wax, but long term this is both deceptive and unethical.

    They folks over at findstone.com also have a different say on whether or not it matters if your granite is really "granite".   How can you explain the descrepincies between their view and your own?

    While on the subject of differing opinions, why do you not rodd all cut outs in granite, as the MIA recomeds.  You claim to be a reputable granite fabricator, yet you are on record of disregarding one of the few industry standards.  Others like Cristian insist on rodding  everything.  How can you claim quality standards when you admitting cutting  corners in this way?

    "if it is so safe, why aren't they supporting the testing?"
    kdnoel
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    03 Oct 2007 01:44 AM

    Well done Stonegirl!

     

    Kevin D. Noel
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    03 Oct 2007 04:18 AM
    Al,
    In any kind of review you have to make assumptions on the part of the reader. One of the assumptions when posting an article concerned with quality is that you assume your audience understands the "given". In this case, fairly proud fabricators who understand the role that quality plays with product,  should understand that crap product will give you crap results. I have no problem with assuming she is referring to good/great quality resins. If we wanted to explore resins further, she or someone else like Dave can chime in on the differences.

     Stonegirl,
    The most fascinating thing about stone selling so far is the variety of sometimes conflicting info out there. I understand what you say about judging how much the consumer can handle on the fly. I agree with you. What I don't know is how much correcting needs to be done, considering different customers have heard different information. You can't blame them, it's not their fault, but you need to find out how much you have to walk back to get them on the right trail.

    Any advice?
    ...those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience.

    -C.S. Lewis
    Tom M
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    03 Oct 2007 04:27 AM
    I'm sorry to be rude.
    Kevin, and anyone else who has an opinion feel free.

    I'm not going to pretend stone is my number one choice for countertop material, but you can't deny that it has a strong place in the premium market.  It's a good material, treated right, depending on the (species?) of stone, where the slab was quarried, how the top was finished, and etc., etc.

    I need to make my potential customers understand that making decisions on which stone to buy needs to be a mostly technical process, but it seems that most people choose stone through more emotional eyes.
    ...those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience.

    -C.S. Lewis
    Adriana Pretorius
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    03 Oct 2007 12:21 PM
    [QUOTE]Tom M wrote
    but it seems that most people choose stone through more emotional eyes.[/QUOTE]

    It is the stone fabricator's obligation to be unemotional about the choice of material and to educate the client regarding the attributes of the stone in question.

    For instance:  The client LOVES Rainforest Brown marble and wants it for the kitchen.  As fabricator it is your responsibility to show the client why it is a bad choice and to explain why it would not be the ideal material for a heavily used area.  Suggest an alternative stone or design - use the marble as full backsplashes over a Cambrian Black Antique countertop, for instance.

    Work with the client and guide them.  Not all stones are good for all areas and as a fabricator you should be aware of the pitfalls in order to guide the clients around them.

    I will reply better later, but have to run off to work.  We have a  tricky install today

    Adriana
    Adriana<br>Fairest member of the SFA Brotherhood<br>Stercus Accidit
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    03 Oct 2007 12:50 PM
    Thanks for the reply.
    Good luck on the tricky job.
    ...those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience.

    -C.S. Lewis
    kdnoel
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    04 Oct 2007 01:51 AM

    [QUOTE]Tom M wrote
    I'm sorry to be rude.
    Kevin, and anyone else who has an opinion feel free.

    I'm not going to pretend stone is my number one choice for countertop material, but you can't deny that it has a strong place in the premium market.  It's a good material, treated right, depending on the (species?) of stone, where the slab was quarried, how the top was finished, and etc., etc.

    I need to make my potential customers understand that making decisions on which stone to buy needs to be a mostly technical process, but it seems that most people choose stone through more emotional eyes.[/QUOTE]

    Tom I don't think you are being rude... I think most of my stone clients come from referals from other Happy Satisfied Stone Owners!

    With that said when I get a person in that wants solid surface because of color or pattern then they get solid surface. I do admit that if they are really tight on money and want something for nothing I tell them to get laminate.

    Some folks are sold on engineered stone and a lot of those folks get engineered stone.

    One thing I don't do with natural stone is sell porous stone that is not up to MY standards for countertop use... they want cheap they don't get it from me. I'll sell them a good quality stone or I don't do it. I don't need any unhappy customers!

     

    Kevin D. Noel
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    04 Oct 2007 04:26 AM
    Kevin,
    Do you find that a high proportion of the decision has:
    A) been made before they come in, and
    B) is based on emotional preferences?
    ...those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience.

    -C.S. Lewis
    Linda Graves
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    04 Oct 2007 03:39 PM

    Great thread. 

    I understand relying on the fabricator for the quality of fabrication and installation but I question most fabricators knowledge of the long term performance of  every stone available.  Unless they have had problems with a certain stone, resulting in complaints from the homeowner, or difficulty during the fabrication/installation process,  my guess is that most fabricators assume all is well. 

    In regards to the testing, do you encourage the homeowner to do those tests on a piece of the actual stone they selected or just on a random sample of that particular stone?  Will the test be fairly consistent on every peice of the same type of stone?

    Linda

    Linda
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    Adriana Pretorius
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    04 Oct 2007 09:46 PM
    It is very dangerous for any fabricator to assume anything about natural stone.  I guess we (my company) are fortunate that we do get to check back on many of our clients and the stones behave as we have told our clients they would.   You have to know your materials.  This could be a daunting task with natural stone because there are so many variables - even within a specific material.

    The more you work with the material, the better you will be able to judge a stone's capabilities.  The testing process?  We supply random samples to our clients, knowing that our suppliers will provide material that matches what we have in quality and performance.  If a client selects a material that we have not worked before, we try to get them samples from the suppliers and we do the tests ourselves as well.  You really, really have to know what you are selling in order to supply an all-round quality product and service.  When I advise on online forums, though, I recommend that the people test materials from their own selected slabs, because it is impossible to determine material quality and the capabilities of their fabricators via an online forum. 


    A very important issue when you sell stone, is to be comfortable with the product.  Comfort with, and knowledge about any product from the side of the fabricator breeds trust with the client.  This is why stone fabricators need to embark on a pretty much non-stop self education process.  Read up on geology - it will give you a better understanding of where the material comes from, why it would look like it does and also to an extent, how it would perform.  Network with other fabricators to find out how they experienced suppliers, equipment and materials.  Experiment with your own tools and materials - with natural stone, the more you learn, the more you find out you still need to know
    Adriana<br>Fairest member of the SFA Brotherhood<br>Stercus Accidit
    kdnoel
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    04 Oct 2007 10:47 PM

    [QUOTE]Tom M wrote
    Kevin,
    Do you find that a high proportion of the decision has:
    A) been made before they come in, and
    B) is based on emotional preferences?[/QUOTE]

    A) Engineered stone and Corian has marketed themselves well and those people seem to have their mind made up. Most natural stone shoppers that have their mind made up have either had it before or know someone that has had a good experience.

    B) I think the emotional types are the "me too's" and have no clue what they are getting into so you must lead them to the right material choice or they will not be happy with what you push on them.

    I like the folks that have their mind made up and know what they want. I don't think most are emotional based.

     

    Kevin D. Noel
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    04 Oct 2007 11:29 PM
    When I advise on online forums, though, I recommend that the people test materials from their own selected slabs, because it is impossible to determine material quality and the capabilities of their fabricators via an online forum.

    Stonegirl,
    Wow. I assume you are referring to slabs out of your own yard? I don't think my supplier would want to be cutting off chunks that may not end up being sold to the customer. Is this common?

    Kevin,
    I wish I could agree with you on the estone and ss marketing statement. Every time they would bring natural stone into the argument, they were slowly loading the gun and pointing it southward. Once stone become more affordable, and access was greatly increased, the trigger was pulled.
    ...those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end for they do so with the approval of their own conscience.

    -C.S. Lewis
    Reuben Hoff III
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    05 Oct 2007 02:33 AM

    This is a good thread.

    I was hoping you would of said there was a majic list. I am trying to learn how to handle the granite sells issues. All the ideas I see are great, but how do I go about helping a consumer make the correct choice in granites when I am selling it only and the slab yard that the fabricators I use is 2 hours away ?

     

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